KIN104 Study Guide - Final Guide: Deconditioning, Thumb, Femur

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Kinesiology
• Course: KIN104
• Professor: William Mc Ilroy

Document Summary

Ontogeny: development of an individual organism throughout its lifespan (nurture) Phylogeny: evolutionary development of a species (nature) Morphology: study of structure and form (skeletal configuration of the body) Planes of motion: sagittal: side view, frontal: view from front/back, transverse: view from bottom/top. Principles of muscle contraction sliding filament theory: release of ca+ forms cross bridges, cross bridges causes muscles fibers to contract and slide. Kinematics: study of muscle and joint movement. Phylogenetic adaptations for bipedalism: skull spinal column right underneath and center of skull (balances head, vertebrae lumbar curve (wedged-shaped) allowing upright trunk on top pelvis, pelvis bowl shaped for lateral balance control. Strong attachment: foot toe positioned for weight-bearing and push off. Arch important for shock absorption: femur inverted to keep feet together and support upright body position. Control objectives for optimization of walking: progression: controlling speed and direction (easiest, efficiency: amount of energy consumed. (walking needs to be efficient)