CHEM 121 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Atomic Radius, Ionic Radius, Electron Affinity

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CHEM 121 Full Course Notes

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For each numbered statement below, write the letter that corresponds to the best answer. There is only one correct answer per question. D: which of the following statements about atomic properties is true? (a) the magnitude of the electron affinity of fluorine is greater than that of carbon. (b) the atomic radius of boron is greater than that of beryllium. The best lewis structure for the anion pfo3. 2 (p is the central atom) has (a) a formal negative charge on f. (b) a formal positive charge on f. (c) an octet of electrons on each atom. (d) one phosphorus-oxygen double bond. (e) two phosphorus-oxygen double bonds. Answer key: there are two naturally occurring isotopes of chlorine with ratios of 76% and 24%. One mole of pcl3 is made using a sample of isotopically pure chlorine gas (containing only one of the two isotopes).

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Which of the following statements is TRUE? (a) The atomic number is the same as the mass number. (b) The atomic number is the same as the number of protons. (c) The identity of a chemical element is determined by the number of valence electrons. (d) The radius of all atoms can be measured precisely. (e) Different isotopes of an element have different atomic numbers.

4. (20 pts, 2 pts each) Multiple choice questions from chapter 7.Place the letter representing the
correct response in the blank provided.
_____ Which of the following do not exist under normal conditionsas a diatomic gas?
(A) hydrogen, (B) oxygen, (C) fluorine, (D) chlorine, (E)bromine
_____ In nature, the noble gases exist as
(A) monatomic gaseous atoms, (B) the gaseous fluorides, (C) solidsin minerals,
(D) alkali metal salts, (E) the sulfides
_____ Of the elements below, _____ has the highest electronaffinity.
(A) oxygen, (B) sodium, (C) fluorine, (D) hydrogen, (E)chlorine
_____ Of the following elements, which has the largest firstionization energy?
(A) Se, (B) As, (C) S, (D) Sb, (E) Ge
_____ Of the hydrogen halides, only _____ is a weak acid.
(A) HCl (aq), (B) HBr (aq), (C) HF (aq), (D) HI (aq), (E) all ofthem
_____ The carbonate of which alkali metal is used in treatment ofmanic-depressive illness?
(A) Li, (B) Na, (C) K, (D) Rb, (E) Cs
_____ The reaction of a metal with a nonmetal produces a(n)
(A) base, (B) salt, (C) acid, (D) oxide, (E) hydroxide
_____ Which element is solid at room temperature?
(A) Cl2, (B) F2, (C) Br2, (D) I2, (E) H2
_____ Which of the following correctly lists the five atoms inorder of increasing size (smallest to
largest)?_(A) F < K < Ge < Br < Rb, (B) F < Ge <Br < K < Rb,
(C) F < K < Br < Ge < Rb, (D) F < Br < Ge < K< Rb, (E) F < Br < Ge < Rb < K
_____ Which one of the following is a metalloid?
(A) Ge, (B) S, (C) Br, (D) Pb, (E) C
5. (20 pts, 2 pts each) Multiple choice questions from chapter 8.Place the letter representing the
correct response in the blank provided.
_____ Which of the following ions does not have a noble-gasconfiguration?
(A) V5+ (B) Si4+ (C) Nb3+ (D) S2â (E) Os8+
_____ Which of the following is correctly arranged with respect tothe size of the atom/ion?
(A) S < S1â < S2â (B) Mg2+ < Na+ < Ne (C) Ni < Cu+< Zn2+
_____ What type of covalent bond between like atoms is thelongest?
(A) triple (B) double (C) single (D) They are all the samelength.
_____ Arrange the following in order of increasing bond polarity:C-O, P-O, Cu-O, Mn-O
(A) C-O < P-O < Cu-O < Mn-O (B) C-O < P-O < Mn-O< Cu-O
(C) Mn-O < Cu-O < P-O < C-O (D) P-O < C-O < Cu-O< Mn-O
_____ Write a single Lewis structure that obeys the octet rule, andcalculate the formal charges on
all the atoms in PO4
3â.
(A) P 2+, O 1â (B) P 1+, O 1â (C) P 4+, O 2â (D) P 2+, O 2â (E) P1+, O 2â
_____ The Lewis structure of InBr3 contains how many valenceelectrons?
(A) 24 (B) 7 (C) 6 (D) 3 (E) 34
_____ Using Lewis structures that satisfy the octet rule, determinethe number of bonds formed by
the central element in each of the following: SiO4
4â, PO4
3â, SO4
2â, ClO4
1â.
(A) 4, 5, 6, 7 (B) 2, 3.5, 5, 6.5 (C) 4, 5, 5, 6 (D) 4, 4, 4, 4 (E)5, 6, 7, 8
_____ The Lewis electron-dot structure of IF5 gives the centralI
(A) an octet (B) 5 nonbonding pairs and 1 bonding pair (C) 5bonding pairs only
(D) 1 nonbonding pairs and 5 bonding pairs (E) 1 nonbonding pairand 4 bonding pairs
_____ In the thiocyanate anion, (SCN)â, which of the following isnot an accepted multiplicity for
the sulfur-carbon bond and the carbon-nitrogen bond,respectively?
(A) single, single (B) double, double (C) single, triple (D)triple, single
_____ Which of these ions (oxidation states) does not have anoble-gas configuration?
(A) Cr3+ (B) Cr with an oxidation state of 6+ (as in CrO4
2â)
(C) S with an oxidation state of 6+ (as in SO4
2â) (D) S2â (E) Hf 4+

>>>>>>>>>>Only question 5 please<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<help me find the equations for this please.

ide f Pl th th regular hexagon: Pl the unit (cm/inch) cm regular hexagon with sides To make f 5 f 10.0 cm by 8.7 cm. pape is 65.0 tee is 21.7 Th f the hexagon d th 3. (15 pts) Let's make a mini number-guessing game. Write a program that first generates a random integer between 1 and 100, and provide the player with its modulus i e the remainders when divided by 2, 5, or 13. The program then pause until the user is ready to check the answer. An example run is show below. Hint: teach yourself how to use the pause function going to gu integ bet n 1 and 100. Th ind f th integ divided by 2 is 1 is 0 The remainder of the integer divided by 5 ind f the integ divided by 13 i Th y key when you are dy t heck y is 55 Did you gue it right? The number 4. (20 pts Carbon dating is a method that determines the age of fossils based on samples' Carbon 14 radioactivity. Carbon 14, or radiocarbon, is an isotope of the element carbon that is unstable and weakly radioactive. Plants and animals assimilate carbon 14 from carbon dioxide throughout their lifetimes, therefore the level of C14 when they are alive is quite stable. When they die, they stop exchanging carbon with the biosphere and their carbon 14 content then starts to decrease at a rate determined by the law of radioactive decay Noe where Nis the remaining radioactivity as a function of time (or age) t, No is the initial radioactivity, k is the rate of decay, and t is time s known that the ha e of C-14 is 5730 years. In other words, it takes 5730 years for its radioactivity to drop to the half of the original level, or N/N 0.5 Write a program that will calculate a sample's age based on its radioactivity. Brief steps 1) Calculate the rate constant k based on the half life of C14 2) Prompt the user for the sample's radioactivity in percentage (N/NoD 3) Calculate sample' age 4) Display the result nicely 5. (25 pts) A homeowner decides to install a round above ground swimming pool. It is du feet in diameter with an hi foot deep water level. There is a recessed portion of the pool where the water level is h2 feet deep. The rece occurs ri feet from the edge and inclines up at a 01 degree angle to the leve ground. A cross-section of the pool is illustrated in the figure below. Solve the following in terms ofthe variables stated. Be sure to follow the problem solving method described in the video labeling each Section. a) How many cubic feet of soil must be excavated from the recessed? b) How many gallons of water will be required to fill the pool? d ft dia hift ri ft Now write a MATLAB script that will prompt the user for the variables d1, hi, h2, r1 in feet, and 01 in degrees, calculate for the questions a) and b), and display proper messages on the screen. Example run: P1 t: 30 Pl hl in feet: 4 Pl h2 in f nter rl in f P1 theta in deg P1 th gl 45 To build such 762 bic feet of il ng pool, you need to exc To fill th imming po y ed 26852 gallons of Ou

CHEM 121 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Atomic Radius, Ionic Radius, Electron Affinity

CHEM 121 Full Course Notes

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