MICB 202 Study Guide - Final Guide: Chemotherapy, Antimicrobial Resistance, Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
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State 4 materials that are used in antibacterial vaccines: killed virulent bacteria, avirulent mutants of pathogenic bacteria, outermost components of the microorganism (capsules, outer membrane proteins, toxoids (denatured/inactivated toxins) Define the term antibiotic and state the difference between bactericidal and bacteriostatic antibiotics. Antibiotics: chemotherapeutic agents able to kill or inhibit growth of bacteria. Bacteriostatic: those that inhibit bacterial growth without directly killing them. State the origin of most antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections in humans. Many antibiotics used clinically produced by bacteria themselves. Initially differentiated from synthetic compounds as they were natural products. State the basic chemical nature of antibiotics. Most antibiotics interfere with one of the following. E(cid:454)plain wh(cid:455) -lactam antibiotics and vancomycin kill bacteria. For (cid:271)a(cid:272)teria to di(cid:448)ide (cid:373)ust s(cid:455)(cid:374)thesize peptidogl(cid:455)(cid:272)a(cid:374); ho(cid:449)e(cid:448)er -lactam antibiotics prevent new. X-links to be formed because ab binds to x-linking enzyme, inhibiting its function = osmotic lysis. Explain nature of methicillin resistance in mrsa and nature of vancomycin resistance vrsa.