PHIL 102 Study Guide - Final Guide: Act Utilitarianism, Divine Command Theory, Lucretius
Document Summary
Logic and methodology (lecture notes 2 4) (readings salmon cohen & nagel) Conclusion: a statement that premises are used to support. Deductive argument: always true, with full support. Inductive argument: attempts to infer that some pattern probably holds in general. support conclusion. Principle of charity: always attribute the strongest possible interpretation of an author"s position, consistent with the text. Why be moral? (lecture notes 5 11) (readings plato"s republic kant) Glaucon: good is only good as a means to external rewards and avoiding punishments. The suffering of doing bad far exceeds the benefits of inflicting it. Men, having experienced both, agree to not harm each other laws are made. Everyone is forced to be just because they lack the power to do wrong. Unjust man has a better life than the just man. Justice: harmony of the soul when each of the below parts fulfills its proper function: (1) rational part: reason ruling (determines what"s best for all 3)
