BIO 1140 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Peptide, Photosynthesis, Vacuole
5 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Cell theory: all organisms are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the basic structural unit of all living organisms, cells arise only from division of pre-existing cells. Rna have the ability to catalyze reactions (something dna cannot do as well), so rnas are thought to be the origins of the first cell. Possible sequence of events: small inorganic molecules turned into organic macromolecules, that gave rise to very basic cell-like structures, eventually prokaryotes and then eukaryotes. Cells can remain individual (i. e. rbcs in blood) or assemble together to form functional tissues and organs. Ribosomal rna allows us to pinpoint what mechanics the cells use to build protein. This is what will allow us to classify them exactly where they belong. Prokaryotes: small (1-5 m, unicellular, keep it simple, highly adaptable (i. e. extremophiles, small genomes, plasmids, ex: bacteria, archaea. Larger (10-100 m or larger: elaborate membranes allow compartments to organize cellular functions, transport systems.
