BIO 1140 Study Guide - Final Guide: Start Codon, S Phase, Advantageous
17 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein particles that carry out protein synthesis by translating mrna chains of amino acids. Use mrna to join amino acids into ordered sequences to make a polypeptide chain. In prokaryotes, ribosomes carry out their assembly functions throughout the cell. In eukaryotes, ribosomes function only in the cytoplasm, either suspended freely, or attached to membranes of the er. There is a large, and a small part of the ribosome, known as the large and small ribosomal subunit. Each subunit is made up of a combination of ribosomal rna rrna) and ribosomal proteins. To finish its role in translation, the ribosome has special binding sites, which are active in bringing together mrna and aminoacyl-trnas. The a site aminoacyl site) is where the incoming aminoacyl-trna carrying the next amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain) binds to the mrna. The p site peptidyl site) is where the trna carrying the growing polypeptide chain is bound.
