BIO 1140 Study Guide - Dephosphorylation, Dehydration Reaction, Cellular Respiration
Document Summary
Metabolic processes: orbital arrangements - electrons are arranged in a pattern around the nucleus of an atom occupying energy levels around the nucleus. Energy levels are called n=1, n=2, n=3 etc. with n=1 being closest to the nucleus. Orbitals go 1s, 2s, 2px, 2py, 2pz : the 4 major biological macromolecules: Lipids -> glycerol + fatty acids subunit. ex: fats. Proteins -> amino acid subunit. ex: hemoglobin, albumin. Nucleic acids -> nucleotide subunit. ex: guanine, cytosine, adenine, thymine. Lipids are the only macromolecule which is not a polymer as well: condensation reaction: (dehydration synthesis rxn) involves the removal of a hydrogen atom from the functional group and an -oh group from the other subunit. Ex: glycerol + fatty acids --> fat molecule + h2o. Hydrolysis reaction: hydro meaning water lysis meaning break. Hydrogen bonds to one subunit, while the -oh group bonds to the other.
