BIO3147- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 56 pages long!)
Document Summary
Size (surface area: volume) metabolic rate (eg a tiny fish vs a giant sponge) As size gets larger, the time for diffusion becomes exponentially large. Circulatory system makes it faster even though diffusion is still there. Public transport to walk a little vs walk a lot. Needed for large body mass, high metabolic rate, and complex organ systems. Gas, nutrients, waste products, hormones, heat, antibodies, salt/acid-base equivalent. Renal filtration and excretion in vertebrates (regulation of ecf volume) Closed has more control over speed and direction. Uses a valve system to move blood in desired direction. Eg muscles in legs squeezing blood back up. Can have simpler or more complex system, may not have all three. Volume reservoir, can change volume without changing system much. Separated circulatory loops for gas and system tissues. Increase control in speed an direction allowing for higher metabolic rate. Less energetically expensive haemolymph leaves heart, exits vessels to bath tissues directly.
