CHM 2123 Study Guide - Final Guide: Crystallization, Miscibility, Vapor Pressure
17 Dec 2017
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Finding equivalents: find mass of each reagent, find total moles for each reagent, divide number the moles of each reagent by the moles of the limiting reagent. Don"t need to include solvents or workup compounds in equivalents. Could include catalyst, but usually never the limiting reagent anyway. Conversion and selectivity are necessary when you have multiple products that may have formed in the reaction. Selectivity: moles of one type of product/moles of all products. Aldol rxn, haloform rxn, some of saponification rxn are not in equilibrium. Final step in saponification: alkoxide (ro-) and carboxylic acid (~5) alcohol (~17) If difference between pkas are more than 10, the reaction is said to no longer be in equ"m (one-way arrow) When an enolate is formed, it is always in equ"m. Acid base and proton transfers are often in equ"m. Product should be soluble in the solvent when it is hot, and not be soluble in the solvent when it is cold.
