GRT 2111 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Collagen, Tricuspid Valve, Cardiac Output

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Gerontology
• Course: GRT 2111
• Professor: Vanessa Taler

Document Summary

Definitions -> stochastic, free radicals, lipofuscin, telomere, telomerase. Stochastic: aging is caused by internal forces acting on the body and cells but there are ways to slow down this said process. Free radicals: chemical byproducts of normal cell metabolism involving oxygen. Lipofuscin: a brownish pigment left over after the breakdown/absorption of damaged blood cells. Telomere: caps at the end of each dna strand that protect and replicates chromosomes (think plastic tip on shoelace) Telomerase: an enzyme that catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres & activated in 90% of human cancer tissues. Be able to define the different theories covered and know the 3 categories (stochastic, non-stochastic & evolutionary) Wear and tear theory: accumulation of normal injury due to continued use. Somatic mutation theory: mutations occur in cells due to repeated replication, toxin exposure etc, body can correct mutations but not all & will accumulate. Free radical theory: cells are damaged by free radicals, which causes aging.