LIN 1300 Study Guide - Final Guide: Hyponymy And Hypernymy, Part Of Speech, Universal Grammar
16 Jan 2017
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Formed from smaller meaningful pieces and from other words. New words added to language usually belongs here. Bound roots: some associated basic meaning, (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t stand alone. Suppletion: new words thru inflected forms phonetically unrelated to shape of root. Closely related: principle of compositionality (expressions combine contributes to meaning of result), lexical/phrasal expressions. Independent: grammatical, syntactically good sentence with bizarre meaning. Topicalization: process where syntactic constituent occurs at beginning of sentence to highlight topic. Arguments: if occurrence of x needs occurrence of y, y is an argument of x. All expressions sentence contains have to have all and only the arguments needed. Adjuncts: expressions that are optional and more and more can be added. Agreement: inflectional morphological form conveying info about number/person/gender/etc. Inflectional: (comparative) -er, (superlative) -est, negated with un- Inflectional: (past tense) -ed/-t, (present tense third person singular) -s, (progressive) -ing, (perfective) -en, (passive) After auxiliaries, modals, the special infinitive marker to after subject, adverb.
