[PAP4310] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (51 pages long!)

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Public Administration
• Course: PAP 4310
• Professor: Miriam Levitt

Document Summary

Defined as the process of assigning numbers or labels to objects, events, or people according to a particular set of rules. Identify objects to be measured: numbers to be used, rules used to assign numbers to objects. Two categories: quantitative - rely on standardized data collection and reduction techniques, using pre-determined questions or observational indicators and established responses, qualitative - assigned labels or categories and are usually narratives. Collect data using case studies, focus groups, in- Often collected via structural design -- written questionnaires, telephone interviews, tests. When reviewing literature, need to understand data generated by measurement in order to justify the proposed program. When conducting a needs assessment must understand the basic principles of measurement in order to select and use appropriate data collection instruments. Nominal: lowest level in hierarchy, enables planners to put data into mutually exclusive categories, no order or value is placed on categories, e. g. gender, job classification, educational level.