BIO206H5 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Silent Mutation, Point Mutation, Hydrogen Bond
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Which of the following is the best characterization of the reading frame in gene expression?
Question 5 options:
| The reading frame of a gene is set by the first three nucleotides in a gene's promoter. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Every gene has three possible reading frames, but all three specify the same protein. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Every gene has three possible reading frames, and thus encodes three different proteins. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| The reading frame of a gene is set by the first three nucleotides at the 5' end of the mRNA. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| The reading frame of a gene is set by the first AUG codon near the 5' end of the mRNA. Which of the following is/are NOT involved in initiating transcription in eukaryotes? Question 9 options:
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Part B
Think about the DNA coding sequence of a gene. If an A were swapped for a T, what kind of mutation could it cause and why?
| a) It could cause a frameshift nonsense or frameshift missense mutation because it would change the reading frame of the codon triplet. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| b) It could cause a silent, missense, or nonsense mutation because those are the types that can be caused by a nucleotide-pair substitution like this one. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c) It could cause a nonsense mutation because the sequence would no longer be the same, so the protein would be shorter and non-functional. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| d) It could cause a silent mutation because A and T are complementary to each other so it is not really a substitution mutation. Part C Why is a frameshift missense mutation more likely to have a severe effect on phenotype than a nucleotide-pair substitution missense mutation in the same protein?
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