BIO360H5 : Detailed textbook notes
Document Summary
Bar graphs / pie graphs/segmented bar graphs display categorical data (not quantitative!) Pie graphs and segmented bar graphs must add up to 100% Simpson"s paradox: when averages are taken across different groups, they can appear to contradict the overall averages. Marginal distribution: divide row and column totals by grand total. (doesn"t tell us anything about the other variable. Joint distribution: divide each cell by grand total. Conditional distribution: divide each cell by column total (or by row total, depending on the research question. In a contingency table, if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for all category of another, the variables are independent. Histogram: relative frequency of values falling in each bin); no gaps unlike bar graph! shows distribution of a quantitative variable (each bar represents the frequency or. The five-number summary reports its median, quartiles and extremes (maximum and minimum)
