BIOB10H3 : all details about organelles
Document Summary
90% of proteins are encoded by nuclear dna many proteins must be imported (targeted) to chloroplasts. Translated on free ribosomes in the cytosol. On thylakoid membrane, are encoded by chloroplast genes. Ribosomes assemble on thylakoid membrane (like rer) & stop transfer sequence retains proteins in the membrane. In plants, eukaryotic alga, some protists and prokaryotes. Arranged into grana (stacks of thylakoid sacs) Have lumen inside (electrochemical gradient for light-dep rxn) Contains dna, ribosomes, trna to encode for 100 genes. Has stroma- targeting domain (stroma proteins) www. notesolution. com. Nobel prize 2009: proteins are completely translated on free ribosomes in cytosol. Mitochondrial diseases: mutations from mt-dna inherited maternally (egg supplies mitochondria) In muscle, liver, fat, plant cells, and sperm. Atp production (cellular respiration by extracting energy from macromolecules like glucose. Mitochondrial function requires nuclear gene products and these proteins must be imported (targeted) to mitochondria. Lipid=cardiolipin: unique phospholipid also found in many bacterial membranes.
