BIOB10H3 Study Guide - Summer 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Protein, Lysosome, Cell Membrane
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
BIOB10H3
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Lecture 1
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Early History- Microscopy
Robert Hooke (1665)
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1665-1675)
Matthias Schleiden, botanist (1838)/ Theodor Schwann, zoologist (1839), Rudolf Virchow (1855)
Cell Theory:
1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the structural unit of life for all organisms 3. Cells can arise only by division from a
preexisting cell.
Basic Properties of Cells
1. Cells are highly complex and organized
2. Cells possess genetic program & the means to use it - transcription and translation machinery
3. Cells are capable of producing more of themselves - mitosis and meiosis
4. Cells acquire & utilize energy to develop & maintain complexity - photosynthesis &
respiration
5. Cells carry out many chemical reactions
6. Cells engage in numerous mechanical activities
7.Cells able to respond to stimuli
8. Cells are capable of self-regulation
9. Cells evolve
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Document Summary
Matthias schleiden, botanist (1838)/ theodor schwann, zoologist (1839), rudolf virchow (1855) Cell theory: all organisms are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the structural unit of life for all organisms 3. Cells can arise only by division from a preexisting cell. 7. cells able to respond to stimuli: cells are capable of self-regulation, cells evolve. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes: prokaryotes (pro - before; karyon - nucleus, all (cid:271)a(cid:272)teria, (cid:272)(cid:455)a(cid:374)o(cid:271)a(cid:272)teria ((cid:271)lue-green algae) Structurally simpler: eukaryotes (eu - true, protists, fu(cid:374)gi, pla(cid:374)ts, a(cid:374)i(cid:373)als. Eukaryotic cells are believed to be descended from prokaryotic cells. Believed to have arised from endosymbionts: an endosymbiont is a combination of two cells living in a symbiotic relationship with one of the cells resident inside the other one. Characteristics that distinguish eukaryotes from prokaryotes: eukaryotic cells are internally much more complex (structurally and functionally) Have membrane-bound nucleus with complex nuclear envelope & other organelles.
