BIOA01H3 Final: Exam Notes 1
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BIOA01H3 Full Course Notes
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Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. The transmission of traits from generation to generation is inheritance or heredity. Offspring are similar to parents but not identical. There is variation between parents and offspring. Mechanisms of heredity and variation are examined in genetics. There are two particular explanations for genetics and stuffs: blending hypothesis tend toward uniformity, particulate (=gene) hypothesis. Mendel used scientific approach to identify laws of inheritance: early studies of reciprocal crosses showed that both male and female parents contribute equally to characteristics inherited by offspring, foundation for genetics worked out by mendel with peas. Published in 1866: used quantitative approach to propose gene theory, after meiosis described, researchers realized chromosomes/meiosis provided support for mendel"s theory. Character = observable feature (e. g. flower colour) controlled by 1 or more genes. Trait = alternative forms (alleles) of a character (e. g. red/white/blue/purple)