MGAC01H3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Contract Management, Credit Risk, Operating Expense

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cyanhamster282

26 Dec 2016

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Incremental costs are those that a company would not incur if the contract had not been obtained (such as selling commissions) Direct labour, direct materials, and allocation of costs that relate directly to the contract (for example, costs of contract management and supervision, insurance, and depreciation of tools and equipment). As a result, one of the criteria for the existence of a contract is not met and therefore revenue is not recognized. Collectibility: a threshold relating to revenue recognition dealing with the company"s ability to collect cash from a sale to a customer. Under the revenue guidance, as long as a contract exists (it is probable that the customer will pay), the amount recognized as revenue is not adjusted for customer credit risk. Companies report the revenue gross (without consideration of credit risk) and then present an allowance for any impairment due to bad debts (recognized initially and subsequently in accordance with the respective bad debt guidance).

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	#1	Which of the following correctly describes fixed and variable cost behavior as total volume increases?
	A.	Unit fixed costs stay the same and unit variable costs increase.
	B.	Total fixed costs stay the same and total variable costs increase.
	C.	Unit fixed costs decrease and total variable costs decrease.
	D.	Unit fixed costs decrease and unit variable costs decrease.

	#2	The incremental profit generated by the sale of one additional unit is equal to the
	A.	contribution margin per unit.
	B.	selling price.
	C.	margin of safety.
	D.	incremental cost.

	#3	Clipper Office Furniture uses cost-plus pricing with a 40% mark-up on total cost at capacity. The company is currently selling 40,000 units at $19.60 per unit. Each unit has a variable cost of $9. In addition, the company incurs $200,000 in fixed costs annually. If demand falls to 32,000 units and the company wants to continue to earn a 40% return, what price should the company charge?
	A.	$15.25
	B.	$21.35
	C.	$19.60
	D.	$27.44

	#4	ABC company has $6.50 per unit in variable costs and $2.20 per unit in fixed costs at a volume of 40,000 units. If the company uses cost-plus 20% for pricing, which of the following should the company use to determine the price?
	A.	The company should use a unit cost of $8.70 per unit only at a volume of 40,000 units.
	B.	The company should use a unit cost of $8.70 at any volume level.
	C.	The company should use a unit price of $10.44 at any volume level.
	D.	The company should ignore fixed costs for cost-plus pricing.

	#5	Which of the following is a grouping of overhead costs whose total is allocated using one allocation base?
	A.	Cost objective
	B.	Cost pool
	C.	Direct cost
	D.	Cost driver

	#6	Which one of the following is the preferred alternative when deciding between two options?
	A.	Incremental profit is greater than under the other alternatives.
	B.	Revenues are greater than under the other alternatives.
	C.	Expenses are less than under the other alternatives.
	D.	No opportunity or sunk costs exist.

#7	The required rate of return used to calculate an investmentâs net present value is related to the firmâs
A.	contribution margin.
B.	cost of capital.
C.	total assets.
D.	Price/Earnings ratio.

#8	A company is trying to decide whether to keep or drop the organic foods department in its grocery store. If organic foods are dropped, the manager will be laid off. What is the manager's salary in relation to the decision to keep or drop the department?
A.	A variable cost and therefore relevant
B.	Avoidable and therefore incremental
C.	Sunk and therefore not relevant
D.	A fixed cost and therefore not relevant

#9	The following information relates to Ajax Widgets during the year. There was no beginning inventory.
	Units produced	11,000
	Units sold	10,000
	Units in ending inventory	1,000
	Fixed manufacturing overhead	$220,000
	How much fixed manufacturing overhead will be expensed during the year (included in Cost of Goods Sold) using full costing?
A.	$220,000
B.	$200,000
C.	$20,000
D.	$10,000

#10	If the required rate of return is greater than the internal rate of return of a potential investment, the company should judge the investment as acceptable.
A.	This is a True statement
B.	This is a False statement
C.	Not enough information provided.

#11	The basic concept involved in time value of money calculations is that
A.	it is better to receive a dollar in the future than to receive a dollar today
B.	incremental revenues must exceed incremental costs.
C.	it is better to receive a dollar today than to receive a dollar in the future.
D.	it can only be applied to positive cash flows

#12	Hanson Sports has three product lines: footballs, basketballs, and bats. Common costs are allocated based on relative sales. A product line income statement for the year ended December 31, 2016 follows:
		Footballs	Basketballs	Bats	Total
	Sales	$600,000	$800,000	$400,000	$1,800,000
	Cost of goods sold	260,000	400,000	230,000	890,000
	Gross margin	340,000	400,000	170,000	910,000
	Less other variable costs	85,000	120,000	80,000	285,000
	Contribution margin	255,000	280,000	90,000	625,000
	Less direct salaries	50,000	60,000	45,000	155,000
	Less common fixed costs	85,000	100,000	55,000	240,000
	Net income	$120,000	$120,000	-$10,000	$230,000

	Since the profit for bats is a net loss, the company is considering dropping this product line. What is the incremental $ effect on total net income of dropping the Bats line?


#13	Right Air Supply sells a specialized air filter that has a variable cost of $10 each.
	Fixed costs are estimated to be $700,000 across all levels of sales shown below.
	Units Sold	Unit Price	CM per unit x Qty	Fixed Costs	Profit
	90,000	$33		700,000
	100,000	$31		700,000
	110,000	$30		700,000
	120,000	$28		700,000
	Which price should Right Air Supply charge to maximize profits?


#14	Randolph Corporation sells a single product at a price of $275 per unit. Variable cost per unit is $135 and fixed costs total $356,860. If sales are expected to be $825,000, what is the companyâs margin of safety?


#15	Roger Excavating Company experienced the following costs in 2016:
	Direct materials	$1.75 per unit
	Direct labor	$2.00 per unit
	Variable manufacturing overhead	$2.50 per unit
	Variable selling	$0.75 per unit
	Fixed manufacturing overhead	$50,000
	Fixed selling	$15,000
	Fixed administrative	$5,000
	During 2016, the company manufactured 100,000 units and sold 80,000 units. If the average selling price per unit was $22.65, what is the amount of the companyâs contribution margin per unit?

sapphireeagle929

Krylon should purchase the tool.

Question 29 An opportunity cost: A. Is an unavoidable cost because it remains the same regardless of the alternative chosen. B. Requires a current outlay of cash. C. Results from past managerial decisions. D. Is the potential benefit lost by choosing a specific alternative course of action among two or more. E. Is irrelevant in decision making because it occurred in the past.

Question 30 A cost that cannot be avoided or changed because it arises from a past decision, and is irrelevant to future decisions, is called a(n): A. Uncontrollable cost. B. Incremental cost. C. Opportunity cost. D. Out-of-pocket cost. E. Sunk cost.

Question 31 A company paid $200,000 ten years ago for a specialized machine that has no salvage value and is being depreciated at the rate of $10,000 per year. The company is considering using the machine in a new project that will have incremental revenues of $28,000 per year and annual cash expenses of $20,000. In analyzing the new project, the $200,000 original cost of the machine is an example of a(n): A. Incremental cost. B. Opportunity cost. C. Variable cost. D. Sunk cost. E. Out-of-pocket cost.

Question 32 Listmann Corp. processes four different products that can either be sold as is or processed further. Listed below are sales and additional cost data: Product Sales Value with no further Processing Additional Processing Costs Sales Value after further processing Premier $1,350 $900 $2,700 Deluxe 450 225 630 Super 900 450 1,800 Basic 90 45 180 Which product(s) should not be processed further? A. Premier. B. Deluxe. C. Super. D. Basic. E. Premier and Basic.

Question 33 Bluebird Mfg. has received a special one-time order for 15,000 bird feeders at $3 per unit. Bluebird currently produces and sells 75,000 units at $7.00 each. This level represents 80% of its capacity. Production costs for these units are $3.50 per unit, which includes $2.25 variable cost and $1.25 fixed cost. If Bluebird accepts this additional business, the effect on net income will be: A. $45,000 increase. B. $11,250 increase. C. $33,750 increase. D. $7,500 decrease. E. $33,750 decrease.

Question 34 Bannister Co. is thinking about having one of its products manufactured by a subcontractor. Currently, the cost of manufacturing 1,000 units follows: Direct material $45,000 Direct labor 30,000 Factory overhead (30% is variable) 98,000 If Bannister can buy 1,000 units from a subcontractor for $100,000, it should: A. Make the product because current factory overhead is less than $100,000. B. Make the product because the cost of direct material plus direct labor of manufacturing is less than $100,000. C. Buy the product because the total incremental costs of manufacturing are greater than $100,000. D. Buy the product because total fixed and variable manufacturing costs are greater than $100,000. E. Make the product because factory overhead is a sunk cost.

Question 35 Granfield Company has a piece of manufacturing equipment with a book value of $40,000 and a remaining useful life of four years. At the end of the four years the equipment will have a zero salvage value. The market value of the equipment is currently $22,000. Granfield can purchase a new machine for $120,000 and receive $22,000 in return for trading in its old machine. The new machine will reduce variable manufacturing costs by $19,000 per year over the four-year life of the new machine. The total increase or decrease in net income by replacing the current machine with the new machine (ignoring the time value of money) is: A. $22,000 decrease B. $76,000 increase C. $18,000 decrease D. $52,000 increase E. $22,000 increase

Question 36 A company has already incurred a $55,000 cost in partially producing its three products. Their selling prices when partially and fully processed are shown in the following table with the additional costs necessary to finish their processing. Based on this information, should any products be processed further? Product Unfinished Selling Price Finished Selling Price Further Processing Costs A $72 $108 $35 B 83 124 42 C 94 141 45 A. All of these products should be processed further. B. None of these products should be processed further. C. Products A and B should be processed further. D. Products B and C should be processed further. E. Products A and C should be processed further.

Question 37 Wheeler Company can produce a product that incurs the following costs per unit: direct materials, $10; direct labor, $24, and overhead, $16. An outside supplier has offered to sell the product to Axle for $45. If Wheeler buys from the supplier, it will still incur 45% of its overhead cost. Compute the net incremental cost or savings of buying. A. $4.00 savings per unit. B. $4.00 cost per unit. C. $2.20 cost per unit. D. $3.80 cost per unit. E. $2.20 savings per unit.

Question 38 An additional cost incurred only if a company pursues a particular course of action is a(n): A. Period cost. B. Pocket cost. C. Discount cost. D. Incremental cost. E. Sunk cost.

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MGAC01H3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Contract Management, Credit Risk, Operating Expense

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