HISB61H3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Pope Gregory Vii, Investiture Controversy, Roman Curia
Document Summary
History of the middle ages final (study group) notes. Gregorian reforms: a series of reforms initiated by pope gregory vii and the circle that he formed in the papal curia (1050-1080), which dealt with the moral integrity and independence of clergy. Cluniac reforms: independence from secular control and feudalism, created a new class: bourg = bourgeosie/merchant class (keen, 92) Economy/property rights (keen, 76: the papacy had land but was not allowed to pass the land to themselves; if you passed away, the government would obtain, not family/your son. Papacy vs high clergy members, loyal to the empire (church vs church) End result: pope urban ii remained loyal to pope gregory, and his cardinals expressed that the clergy will no longer respond to lay lords/secular governments. Pope urban ii successfully organized the first crusade in 1096. Political aims: officially recover the holy sepulchre, extend christendom, subdue islamic movement.