[LINB06H3] - Midterm Exam Guide - Ultimate 16 pages long Study Guide!
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Linb06 lecture 1 introduction to syntax. What is a sentence: string of linearized words, e. g. Words belong to syntactic categories (parts of speech) 10 syntactic categories: lexical categories (major categories) Noun, verb, adj. , adv. , preposition: functional categories (minor categories. Inventory lexical categories an open/unlimited class. Productivity creating and adding new words in the lexical category class is frequent: no new words are created within functional categories. Semantic content lexical categories are semantically meaningful: i. e. they have a meaning, whereas functional categories are meaningless. Morphological distribution: examine the type of affixes (prefixes and suffixes) that appear on a word, derivational affixes make new categories of words out of existing ones. Er in runner => run , a verb runner , a noun: inflectional affixes don"t make new categories of words, instead attach to existing words. S attached to book , a noun books , also a noun. Syntactic distribution: look at the kind of words that appear near the word, e. g.
