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MGEA02H3 Study Guide - Economic Surplus, Swordfish, Deadweight Loss

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lemondinosaur451

4 Jun 2013

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Economics for Management Studies

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MGEA02H3 Full Course Notes

MGEA02H3 Full Course Notes

Document Summary

Demand, supply and equilibrium: movement and shift of supply/demand curve. When price change, the quantity supplied/consumed will change, thus there will be a movement along the supply/demand curve. Demand is usually downward sloping and supply upward sloping. Intersection of demand and supply curves is the equilibrium point. Change in quantity demanded/quantity supplied are movements along the demand/supply curve and change in the demand/supply is a shift of the demand/supply curve. The demand/supply curve is the sum of individual demand/supply of the product. Factors that shift demand: taxes/subsidies, change in prices of related goods (substitutes/complementary goods, change in income, change in preferences. Factors that shift supply: prices of inputs (as prices rise, supply falls, number of firms (as firms rise, supply rises, technology (a new breakthrough increases supply, taxes/subsidies. Figure out the factor that changed in the situation. Shift the demand/supply curve to the relevant direction.

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Related Questions

: Do the following cause a change in demand (shift in demand curve), change in supply (shift in supply curve), change in quantity demanded (movement along demand curve) or change in quantity supplied (movement along supply curve)?

1) The market for Aquafina water. The price of Dasani increases.

2) The market for ground beef. The price of cow-feed increases

. 3) The market for hamburger patties. The price of hamburger buns decreases.

4) The market for pistols. Republicans fear that a democratic president will initiate new gun control laws making it more difficult to purchase guns.

The primary difference between a change in supply and a change in the quantity supplied is:
Choose one answer.
a. a change in quantity supplied is a shift in the supply curve, and a change in supply is a movement along the supply curve.
b. both a change in quantity supplied and a change in supply are movements along the supply curve, only in different directions.
c. a change in quantity supplied is a movement along the supply curve, and a change in supply is a shift of the supply curve.
d. a change in supply is a movement to the left along the supply curve and a change in quantity supplied is a movement to the right along the supply curve.

Question 2
What is the difference between a shortage and scarcity?
Choose one answer.
a. Scarcity will always exist because choices must be made, but a shortage will only exist if the price is kept below the equilibrium level.
b. Scarcity is a result of two or more alternative uses and will always exist, and quantities of supply and demand adjusting to flexible prices will create shortages.
c. A surplus will exist when a good is scarce; a shortage merely implies that there isn't as much of something as people would like, which is nearly always the case.
d. There is no distinction between the two. They are the same thing.

Question 3
A decrease in supply means:
Choose one answer.
a. a shift to the left of the entire supply curve.
b. moving downward (to the left) along the supply curve with lower prices.
c. less will be demanded at every price.
d. more will be supplied at every price.

Question 4
A decrease in demand, with no change in supply, will lead to ________ in equilibrium quantity and ________ in equilibrium price.
Choose one answer.
a. an increase; an increase
b. an increase; a decrease
c. a decrease; an increase
d. a decrease; a decrease

Question 5
After graduation from college you will receive a substantial increase in your income from a new job. If you decide that you will purchase more T-bone steak and less hamburger, then for you hamburger would be considered a( n ):
Choose one answer.
a. normal good.
b. substitute good.
c. complementary good.
d. inferior good.

Question 6
There is equilibrium in the market when:
Choose one answer.
a. there is no shortage.
b. there is no surplus.
c. price is established where the supply curve and the demand curve intersect.
d. all of the above are true.

Question 7
Which would not cause the supply curve to shift?
Choose one answer.
a. a change in technology
b. a change in factor costs
c. a change in the price of the good
d. a change in the prices of related goods

Question 8
Given that meat and potatoes are complementary goods, if the price of meat decreases substantially, there would be:
Choose one answer.
a. an increase in the demand for potatoes.
b. an increase in the quantity of potatoes demanded.
c. a decrease in the demand for potatoes.
d. no change in the demand for potatoes.

Question 9
Given that milk and cookies are complements, suppose the price of flour (an ingredient in cookies) rises. What happens in the market for milk?
Choose one answer.
a. The equilibrium price and quantity rise.
b. The equilibrium price rises and the equilibrium quantity falls.
c. The equilibrium price and quantity fall.
d. The equilibrium price falls and the equilibrium quantity rises.

Question 10

A temporary price of $2 in this market would result in:
Choose one answer.
a. a surplus of 8,000 bushels.
b. a shortage of 8,000 bushels.
c. a shortage of 10,000 bushels.
d. a surplus of 10,000 bushels.

Question 11
The price of oranges rises. What happens in the market for apples, which are a substitute for oranges?
Choose one answer.
a. The equilibrium price falls, and the equilibrium quantity rises.
b. The equilibrium price rises, and the equilibrium quantity falls.
c. The equilibrium price and quantity rise.
d. The equilibrium price and quantity fall.

Question 12
A market surplus occurs if the:
Choose one answer.
a. price is below the equilibrium price.
b. price is equal to the equilibrium price.
c. equilibrium price is above the actual price.
d. equilibrium price is below the actual price.

1.What is the difference between a movement along and shift of the demand curve?

1a.Discuss the impact on the equilibrium price and quantity that results from; (1) an increase in demand, (2) an increase in supply, (3) an increase in both supply and demand.

1b.Give an example of the role of supply and demand in decision-making