PSYA01H3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Nucleus Accumbens, Sexual Arousal, Operant Conditioning

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Learning is a process by which behavior or knowledge changes as a result of experience: cognitive learning refers to the process of learning new information such as reading, listening, and taking tests. Associative learning refers to learning information by the relationships of certain things: for example, you probably associate certain holidays with specific sights, sounds, and smells, or foods with specific flavors and textures. We are not the only species with this skill even the simplest animals such as the earthworm can learn by association. Pavlov"s dogs: classical conditioning of salivation: classical conditioning is learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus elicits a response that was originally caused by another stimulus. After repeated pairings, the dogs learned that the tone predicted meat powder (the tone (neutral stimulus) became a conditioned stimulus). Eventually, hearing the tone alone could elicit salivation (conditioned response): to establish that conditioning has taken place, the tone (cs) must elicit salivated in the absence of food (us).

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