[PSYB01H3] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (53 pages long!)

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Week 5 chapter 4: measurement, reliability, and validity. There is no one best design optimal design to use is the one that best addresses your research question. To answer what questions as well as questions about who , how much , and how often , we use nonexperimental research designs, which do not involve the researcher changing or manipulating any of the variables (i. e. interviews, observations, survey research) True experiments: designs in which the researcher manipulates all of the independent variables: random assignment of participants to the different experimental conditions. Quasi-independent variables: variables treated as if they were independent variables in the experimental design even though the researchers did not manipulate them: e. g. we cannot manipulate the variable of gender. Quasi-experiment designs: designs within which random assignment cannot be used: may involve treatments, can compare treatments between pre-existing groups (e. g. gender, can allow participants to select their treatment. Measurement technique that directly asks the participant how thye think or feel.