PSYC23H3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Memory Consolidation, Long-Term Memory, Prefrontal Cortex
Document Summary
Biolog(cid:455) has e(cid:448)ol(cid:448)ed (cid:862)fail-safe(cid:863) lear(cid:374)i(cid:374)g (cid:373)e(cid:272)ha(cid:374)is(cid:373)s (cid:373)ai(cid:374)tai(cid:374)i(cid:374)g ph(cid:455)si(cid:272)al pro(cid:454)i(cid:373)it(cid:455) to (cid:272)aregi(cid:448)ers duri(cid:374)g critical periods of early bonding, in which learning to prefer and approach dominate and learning to fear and avoid are inhibited. More securely attached individuals have a greater cognitive flexibility, giving them the ability to recall both positive and negative events, than insecurely attached individuals. Me(cid:373)or(cid:455) pro(cid:272)essi(cid:374)g is (cid:862)ti(cid:373)e depe(cid:374)de(cid:374)t(cid:863) new memories are assumed to be fragile and to undergo a period of consolidation. Learning and memory systems are mediated by multiple neural systems, which operate in parallel. Another structure is the amygdala: critical in forming associations between an emotion context and an individual stimulus. Paramacological agents which block ltp or inhibit protein synthesis in the structures produce dissociation or competition among these structures. Gradually, memories become less plastic and more permanent. There are multiple stages involved in the formation of new memories: acquisition (encoding), storage (consolidation), and recall (retrieval).
