PSYB64H3 Study Guide - Post-Concussion Syndrome, Transient Ischemic Attack, Traumatic Brain Injury

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Seizures and epilepsy pg 436 - 438. Stroke: brain"s blood supply is interrupted by either bleeding or sudden blockage. May result from aneurysms, hypertension, structural deficits in blood vessels serving the brain, exposure to toxic chemicals etc: local blood filled swellings, can be hereditary, caused by disease. Structural deficits in blood vessels serving the brain. Blockage of blood vessels results in low oxygen levels: thrombosis is plug of blood that blocks blood vessels without moving, embolism is a plug that travels until it lodges in a smaller blood vessel. Tia (transient ischemic attack) episodes of stroke symptoms lasting less than 24 hours. Hippocampus and middle layers of cortex most vulnerable to ischemic attacks: excitotoxicity. Ability of excess glutamate to kill cells. Cell death following many strokes is largely caused by excess glutamate activity triggered by disruptions in oxygen. Due to the brain"s enormous need for oxygen, it is supplied by a rich network of blood vessels.

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