[BIO220H1] - Midterm Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (25 pages long)
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BIO220H1 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
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Document Summary
Includes mitochondria (mtdna in all population members) and chloroplasts (in all plant populations); sex chromosomes (x and y in humans/ fruit flies or z and w in birds, lepidoptera, etc. ); autosomes (high/low recombination during formation of gametes) Different parts of genome have alternative modes of transmission. Some parts are uniparentally inherited (mt, y), others are biparentally (autosomes, x) Some parts are present in all members of the population (mt, autosomes, x) while others only in of the population (y) Areas of low recombination will be inherited as a unit. While recombination will break up areas of high recombination to be inherited independently. Use regions of the genome that are inherited biparentally to infer the contributions of both parents: mtdna track maternal lineages, y chromosomes track paternal lineages. Combined application: use genetic markers to understand the evolutionary process, use data about behaviour and ecology to understand patterns in genetic data.
