CHM151Y1 Study Guide - Final Guide: Arson, Stereochemistry, Fractional Distillation
Document Summary
Convert moles to grams and milliliters. (4) mix correct amounts of reactants, solvents, catalysts in correct order to give specific concentrations. Product may be light, heat, or air (o2) sensitive. (6) separation and purification steps (so-called reaction work-up). Some combination of extractions, distillations, recrystallizations, chromatography, etc are used for the work-up. (7) identify product(s) using spectroscopy (ir, nmr, etc), chromatography (gc, tlc, etc), physical properties (mp, bp, etc), and occasionally chemical tests. In the presence of a strong acid, an alcohol can be dehydrated to form an alkene. The acid used in this experiment is 85% phosphoric acid and the alcohol is cyclohexanol. The phosphoric acid is a catalyst and as such increases the rate of reaction but does not affect the overall stoichiometry. It can be seen from the balanced reaction that 1 mole of alcohol produces 1 mole of alkene. The theoretical yield of alkene in moles is therefore equal to the number of moles of alcohol used.
