HIS250Y1 Study Guide - Summer 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Vladimir Lenin, Bolsheviks, Saint Petersburg
HIS250Y1
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Timeline of Russia
Key: Archives opened 1991 (party and KGB)
1917:
-October Revolution (Red October, revolution in Russia led by Bolsheviks and Vladimir
Lenin. Began with an armed insurrection in Petrograd in October 1917. Overthrew the
Tsarist autocracy. Established a leftist socialist state. Use of Bolshevik Red Guards to
occupy government buildings.
-Bolsheviks seize power (Russian Civil War from 17-22, creation of USSR in 1922)
1918
-Brest Litovsk (Ended Russian participation in WW1 against the Central Powers.
Cessation of Baltic States to Germany, land to Ottoman Empire, recognized
independence of Ukraine), beginning of Russia Civil War
-Killing of Tsar Nicholas II
-War Communism (Economic system in Russia from 1918-22. Nationalization of land,
banks and shipping and food. Ending of private capitalism in favour of state-run or
supervised businesses. Forced grain requisition)
-Red Terror (Political repression and mass killings by Bolsheviks of Tsarist
representatives and bourgeois.)
-Battle of Sviyazhsk, Trotsky & Red Army vs white officers who represented alternative
forms of capitalism and monarchism as well as Green armies who represented the
dissent among peasants.
1919
-Failure of white offences, Stalin becomes head of Orgburo (The orgburo made
decisions about organization work, local party committees and appointment of
Communist officials)
-1920/1921: Bolshevik Victory
1922:
-New Economic Policy (Market-oriented economic policy, nationalization of industry was
replaced in favour of private individuals to own small enterprises, while the state
continued to control larger enterprises such as banks and foreign trade.)
-Stalin becomes party secretary
1924
Lenin dies
Stalin tells Trotsky to stay at black Sea, does not make it in time for Lenin’s funeral
Stalin pall bearer, gives speech that designates Stalin as the heir to Lenin’s power
Left people allow Stalin to bring more delegates
1925
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-Stalin gets right wing support
1926
-left wing accused of factionalism (Kamenev and Zinoviev believed that communism
should spread to other countries. Arrested for their supposed involvement in treason
against Stalin and executed.)
1928
Stalin goes left wing, advocates collectives, 5 yr plans (From 1928-40, 4.6 mil to 12.6
mil workers in industry. Increase heavy industry and consumer goods. Quotas for
production were enforced.
1928
Right wing expelled
1932
Chistka (party cleansing, periodic review of Communist members, get rid of
undesirables)
1933 Second Five year plan, focus on heavy industry
1934-1936
Show trials (Public riddance of Stalin’s political opponents, created fear and conformity)
1936:
Constitution (Democratic policies, guarantee of rights, voting rights, suffrage, right to
work, healthcare, care in old age)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
October revolution (red october, revolution in russia led by bolsheviks and vladimir. Began with an armed insurrection in petrograd in october 1917. Use of bolshevik red guards to occupy government buildings. Bolsheviks seize power (russian civil war from 17-22, creation of ussr in 1922) Brest litovsk (ended russian participation in ww1 against the central powers. Cessation of baltic states to germany, land to ottoman empire, recognized independence of ukraine), beginning of russia civil war. War communism (economic system in russia from 1918-22. Nationalization of land, banks and shipping and food. Ending of private capitalism in favour of state-run or supervised businesses. Red terror (political repression and mass killings by bolsheviks of tsarist representatives and bourgeois. ) Battle of sviyazhsk, trotsky & red army vs white officers who represented alternative forms of capitalism and monarchism as well as green armies who represented the dissent among peasants.
