[LMP363H1] - Final Exam Guide - Ultimate 33 pages long Study Guide!
29 Nov 2016
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Rudolph virchow: father of modern pathology, 1821-1902 cellular theory of disease. Pathobiology: biology: normal predictable, pathology: abnormal predictable, virchow defined pathophysiology as physiology with obstacles, pathobiology: response of the cell to changes in the environment. External environment: sunlight (uv) shells, scales, feathers, skin, pigmentation, hair, oxygen polycythemia, (cid:862)che(cid:373)icals(cid:863) arsenic, toxins, drugs. Adaptive responses: changes in environment adaptive responses cell injury/death or disease (with persistent stimulus, expressed on demand, reversible when demand ceases, survival advantage, cause minimal disturbance in homeostasis. Reductionist vs. holistic approach: descartes, vauca(cid:374)so(cid:374)"s duck. Molecular chaperones that help fold and transport proteins. Decrease in tissue mass caused by cell death or smaller cells. Starvation: decreased anabolism and increased catabolism, degradation of cellular components. Decreased function: e. g. bone atrophy in astronauts. Signalling with -integrin, melusin, hsp90, pi3k (slide 20) akt pathway, other pathways not involving akt: melusin regulates compensatory hypertrophy and protects the heart from ischemia. Example: phenobarbital induces hypertrophy of hepatocytes (smooth er,
