MGY377H1 Midterm: Study notes for midterm

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redtermite204

24 Dec 2011

School

UTSG

Department

Molecular Genetics and Microbiology

Course

MGY377H1

Professor

William Navarre

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Document Summary

C, h, o, n, s, p, k, etc: elements found in form of water, organic and inorganic ions, small molecules, macromolecules that have structural and functional roles in cell. Chemoorganotrophs use organic form of carbon. Other macronutrients include nitrogen, p, s, k, mg, ca, na, - with essential functions in cell. Required in small amounts by cells because they fulfil specific roles in biosynthesis. Three categories: purines and pyrimidines, amino acids, vitamins. Allows identification, characterization, establish links to disease. Medium must contain all required nutrients, correct growth environment (temperature, oxygen concentration) Most bacteria on earth cannot be cultured. Liquid media to grow pure batch cultures. Solidified media to isolate pure cultures, to estimate viable bacterial populations, and other purposes: use agar. Chemically defined media exact chemical composition is known. Complex media exact chemical composition unknown, usually containing digests of animal or plant products: considered rich medium.

Related Questions

1) A chemoautotroph would use _____ as an energy source.

A	carbon dioxide

B	chemical bonds within high energy molecules

sunlight

D	heat energy

2) A photoheterotroph would use _____ as a source of carbon atoms.

A	high energy organic molecules (e.g., sugars)

sunlight

C	carbon dioxide

D	inorganic molecules

3) Biologists sometimes divide living organisms into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. These two groups differ in _____.

A	their electron acceptors

B	their mode of nutrition

C	the way that they generate ATP

D	their sources of energy

1. Bacteria _______________ oxidize inorganic or organic chemical compounds to obtain their energy and _______________ derive their energy from sunlight.

2. If an organism uses CO2 as a carbon source it is _____________________, but if it extracts its carbon from organic compounds it is _____________________.

3. The vast majority of bacteria use ___________ _____________ as an energy source, _______________ ____________ as a carbon source and ____________ _____________ as a source of electrons and hydrogens because they are _________________________________.

4. If a bacterium that uses light and organic compounds to obtain its other nutrients is __________________________________, but if it uses light and CO2 as a carbon source it is ____________________________.

5. Fungi and most protozoa due to their C, energy and electron requirements are classified as _______________________________.

6. Bacteria that oxidize chemical compounds to obtain their energy and obtain their source of carbon and electrons from organic compounds say that they are ________________________.

7. Bacteria that oxidize inorganic chemical compounds to obtain their energy and electrons, but use CO2 as a carbon source are _______________________________.

8. Cyanobacteria are _________________________ because they use __________ as a source of energy, _____________ as a carbon source and _______________ as a source of electrons and hydrogen.

9. Nutrition in most bacteria occurs mainly by ___________________.

10. Most bacteria reproduce by _____________________, but some can be reproduced alternately by _______________ or ______________________.

For each of the following elements, indicate whether it is a macronutrient, a micronutrient, or neither, and state what its primary function is in plant growth and development.

1) Iron

2) Carbon

3) Nitrogen

4) Zinc

5) Phosphorus

6) Oxygen

MGY377H1 Midterm: Study notes for midterm

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