PHL100Y1 Study Guide - Final Guide: A Priori And A Posteriori, Perspectivism, Chocolate Cake
28 views3 pages
Phil Exam Review
Hobbes
- Social contract
- State of nature
o War
o Scarcity
o Diffidence
o Glory
- Fundamental natural right
o Natural right to all things
o Agree to lay down our rights
o Common power to enforce contracts
Author sovereign to create common power and sovereign has
absolute undivided power
We author sovereigns actions, so he can never be wrong
Through the social contract we transfer our rights to the
sovereign
Sovereign = above law
o Prisoners dilemma
Kant
- Deontology
o The right or obligatory act
- Good will
o Do something in good way
o Acting from duty
- Duty/inclination
- Maxim- must be universal, cannot be controversial
- Duty requires us to
o Categorical imperative
Universal law
Law of nature – we cannot will something that will be
impossible
Everyone treated as an end in themselves, not just a mean
Kingdom of ends
KNOW THE FOUR EXAMPLES
- Freedom of determinism
o Cannot know if we are free
Sartre
- Existence proceeds essence
- Bad faith
- Authenticity
- Subjectivity