PSY220H1 Study Guide - Escherichia Coli, Social Proof, Deindividuation
Document Summary
Found that presence of others caused enhanced performance. Zajonc found that in presence of others, performance is enhanced for easy tasks while performance is hindered for dif cult tasks. Others presense = arousal = strengthened dominant response = enhanced easy behavior/ impaired dif cult behavior. Evaluation apprehension: concern for how others are evaluating us. Cottrell found that presence of others that are blind folded in a perception experiment did not boost well-practiced responses. Enhancement of dominant responses is strongest when people think they are being evaluated. When distracted there is a con ict between paying attention to assigned task and paying attention to distraction. This overload in the cognitive system results in arousal. Ringelmann found that collective effort of teams was half the sum of individual efforts. Ingham conducted experiment where participants were blindfolded and led to believe that others were pulling with them. Individuals pulled 18% harder when they believed they were alone.
