PSY493H1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Optogenetics, Channelrhodopsin, Meta-Analysis
Document Summary
Axons (nodes of ranvier): responsible for transmitting nerve impulses. Presynaptic terminals: where the nt are released. The resting potential remains the same, around -70 mv. At rest, na+ channels closed, k+ channels only partially open. Concentration gradient and electrical gradient work to pull na+ into the cell, as well as k+. When enough depolarization happens and the threshold of excitation is met, this leads to an. K+ channels open after a slight delay. K+ starts rushing out, making the cell again. After this, the sodium potassium gradient works to restore the original concentration of na+ and k+: meta analysis: analyzes a bunch of other studies. Other than damage/drug abuse/personal experience, the experimental ways of brain perturbation include: tms/tdcs: not invasive. Blue light: halorhodopsin: inhibitory channels; increases the flow of ions in the neuron and inhibits them. Good temporal and spatial resolution: single neuron recording: In vitro: neuron taken from an animal and kept alive.
