CHEM 231 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Reagent, Electrophile, Geminal

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pearguinea-pig630

21 Nov 2016

School

University of Victoria

Department

Chemistry

Course

CHEM 231

Professor

Peter Wan

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Document Summary

Ochem chapter 7: alkenes and alkynes properties and synthesis. Are relatively non polar and dissolve in non polar solvents: very slightly soluable in water. The term cis or trans do either apply ambigiously or not at all to trisubstiuated tetrasubstituted. How to use e-z system: examine the two groups attached to one carbon atom of the double bond and decide which has higher priority, repeat that operation at the other carbon atom: Cis and trans isomers do not have the same stability: strain on z isomers is higher than the strain on e isomers, cis or z isomers will therefore be less stable then their counterparts. The addition of hydrogen to an alkene is an exothermc reactions. Overall stabilities of alkenes: the greater number of alkyl groups attached the greater stability of the alkene (the more highly substituted carbon atom on the double bond.

Related Questions

Classify each of the following statements as true or false:

a) To be classified as organic, a compound must be or have been part of a living organism.

b) Carbon atoms normally form four bonds in organic compounds.

c) Only an unsaturated hydrocarbon can engage in an addition reaction.

d) Members of a homologous series differ by a distinct structural unit.

e) Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

f) Alkyl groups are a class of organic compounds.

g) Isomers have the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas.

h) Cis-trans isomerism appear among alkenes but not alkynes.

i) All aliphatic hydrocarbons are unsaturated.

j) Aromatic hydrocarbons have a ring structure.

k) An alcohol has an alkyl group bonded to an oxygen atom, and an ether has two.

l) Carbonyl groups are found in alcohols and aldehydes.

m) An ester is an aromatic carbon made from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.

n) An amine has one, two, or three alkyl groups substituted for hydrogens in an ammonia molecule.

o) An amide has the structure of a carboxylic acid except that replaces OH in the carboxyl group.

p) A peptide linkage series arises when a water molecule forms from a hydrogen from the of one amino acid molecule an from an another amino acid molecule.