[LING 100A] - Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (13 pages long!)
6 Feb 2017
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Ling 100a dr. archibald lecture 1: introduction & chapter 1. Number of sub components: phonetics; the sounds of languages concrete the way the sounds come out of your vocal tract. Innately learn how to pronounce the various sounds. Phonetic alphabet that will help transcribe/describe any human language: phonology. More abstract than phonetics, connected to meaning. How sounds influence the meaning of languages. One of the functions is to connect sound to the meaning of the words in a systematic principle way i. e. communication. English: p/b -lead to differences in meaning. Other languages don"t have that kind of contrast. Patterns i. e. "pot" vs. "top" - some sounds at the beginning of the word and at the end of the word: morphology. Difficult to define across linguistically i. e. cat & cats; with cats it"s more complex due to it being plural, the "s" at the end states that it"s plural.
