55-140 Study Guide - Comprehensive Final Exam Guide - Natural Selection, Evolution, Bacteria

• School: University of Windsor
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOL 1111
• Professor: Dora Cavallo

Document Summary

Evolution: gradual (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge of populatio(cid:374)s or orga(cid:374)is(cid:373)s o(cid:448)er ti(cid:373)e (cid:894)o(cid:448)er ge(cid:374)eratio(cid:374)s(cid:895); does(cid:374)"t happe(cid:374) i(cid:374) o(cid:374)e"s lifeti(cid:373)e, that is (cid:272)o(cid:374)sidered de(cid:448)elop(cid:373)e(cid:374)t a(cid:374)d gro(cid:449)th. Natural history: study of organismal form and variety in natural environments. Aristotle (cid:271)elie(cid:448)ed there (cid:449)ere fixed groups that did(cid:374)"t (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge o(cid:448)er ti(cid:373)e (cid:894) (cid:272)ala naturae (cid:862)ladder(cid:863)(cid:895) Taxonomy: biological classification of organisms (based on characteristics) Distribution of organisms related to their position on the earth (similarities and differences between similar species in different places: comparative morphology. Buffon leclerc started to question why there are vestigial structures. Conceived by nature and produced by time: geology. Stratification: fossils are different in each layer of sedimentary rock. Catastrophism: each fossil layer showed a different catastrophic event that killed the organisms. Hutton: gradualism, the (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272)ept of (cid:272)o(cid:374)ti(cid:374)uous, slo(cid:449) (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge o(cid:448)er a lo(cid:374)g ti(cid:373)e (cid:272)ausi(cid:374)g earth"s (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ges. Lyell: uniformitarianism; the processes used in the past that changed the earth are still used today.