SOC-1101 Study Guide - Spring 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Sociology, Michel Foucault, Canada
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
SOC-1101
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Intro to sociology
Lectures 1-3. !
-The term sociology comes from two languages: A Latin word, societas & a greek
word logos which translates to a knowledge of science and mankind’s purpose.!
-More generally, it is a study of society or a science of knowing about the society…
however, what is society?!
-C. Wright Mills, offers a theory on the concept called sociological imagination:
Taking all of the social connections we have and looking at the bigger picture in
order to understand the relationship between the self or individual and the society; it
means being able to connect the personal to the public issue, the political sphere
and the social networks. > Divorce is a personal issue but it becomes a global issue
when looking at the statistic that 2 in 3 marriages end in separation.#
$> its about being able to achieve lucid summations about whats going on in the
world; not just scratching the surface but getting deeper into the issue and asking
why not in a defensive way but a curious and understanding type of way.!
-Social Actors are able to influence the state of life, such as
an NGO or government and even individuals like you and I.
Yet we have a varying degree of social agency which
means we cannot always change life because we do not
have the means available. Depending on who we are, it
may be control of power or general resources like
money. We have personal opportunities and
constraints that influence our choices and abilities
to participate in activities.!
-Social structures come with their own specific
conducts, obligations, social demands, and limitations
and change depending on what sphere you view such as the family or cultural
relations. What is right and wrong is perpetuated within this realm and even
general frameworks of what is acceptable behaviours. However even looking
at this, Professor Ridd has different requirements as compared to Professor
Kenyon. Examples of social structures are family, culture, religion, health,
workplace and more.!
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Social
Structure
Social Actors
Interactions
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-Interactions are based on social actors and social structures but they are
also influenced by these areas. These elements create structures which allow
us to engage with one another, but can also be sources of conflict due to
perceptions.!
-What is sociology? Definitions by prominent scholars in the field !
-A systematic study of human society with a global perspective (Macionis, 2017)!
-Sociological imagination (C. Wright Mills, 1959)!
-A study of behaviours of societies and individuals within these societies
(Giddens, 2005)!
-Observing patterns in everyday social life (Steckley, 2017)!
-Emilie Durkheim says humans are born into a society and forced to accept
social constrains and values. He also found, the kind of community the person
lives in affects what a person chooses especially in the case of suicide. !
The French Revolution 1789#
Had a significant role in the creation of the social life and ones personal identity.#
$- It revealed what it means to be a member of society and what a citizen is,
transforming our language from subject to citizen.$——> citizen is a membership of
a nation, and is based on territory and law.!
$- It also inspired men to be free from the state of nature, asserting that culture is
an escape from it (H. Plessner).!
$- There was an idea of society being a social contract between the people and
those who ruled them, therefore, allowing the idea of citizenship to grow. !
$- Citizen as a general membership is an idea expanded by Brubaker in 1992 as
he observes three participations which humans can be involved with#
$$1) Class$ $ 2) Ownership of property $ $ $ 3) Wealth !
This movement, led to the Declaration of the rights of Man and Citizen, 1789
which stated that:#
1. Men are born and remain equal in freedom and rights#
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Document Summary
The term sociology comes from two languages: a latin word, societas & a greek word logos which translates to a knowledge of science and mankind"s purpose. C. wright mills, o ers a theory on the concept called sociological imagination: > divorce is a personal issue but it becomes a global issue when looking at the statistic that 2 in 3 marriages end in separation. Social actors are able to in uence the state of life, such as an ngo or government and even individuals like you and i. Yet we have a varying degree of social agency which means we cannot always change life because we do not. Depending on who we are, it may be control of power or general resources like money. We have personal opportunities and constraints that in uence our choices and abilities to participate in activities. Social structures come with their own speci c conducts, obligations, social demands, and limitations.
