Astronomy 2022A/B Final: FINAL NOTES.docx

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Universe/cosmos = all space/matter/energy that is accessible to us. Earth is flat, sky is a dome believed by early cultures. Alexandria must be tilted with respect of the ones in syene. Hull-down effect: ship will have its mast and upper parts visible from the beach, whilst being a few km offshore. Naked eye can see: mars, mercury, venus, jupiter, saturn. Constellation of sun can be seen at night rise or set. Moons motion against stars is fastest/easiest to see, own width every hour. Planets seem to wander in a fixed rotation (same as stars), but overtime can be seen to move more slow relative to the stars. Planets motion is confined to a band of 12 constellations (zodiac) Ptolemy ideas: believed aristotle"s idea that the sun, moon, planets circled the earth, said planets sometimes travel backwards across the sky (retrograde motion, had the idea that each planet moved in a small circle (epicycle),