Astronomy 2022A/B Study Guide - Final Guide: Big Bang, Dark Matter

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Nucleus- a central part in which other parts are gathered or grouped, filled with protons (atomic #) and neutron surround by and electric cloud much larger in scale. Almost all mass is contained in the nucleus. Objects don"t pass through it due to electric repulsion. Element- a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. An element is composed of atoms that have the same atomic number, that is, each atom has the same number of protons in its nucleus as all other atoms of that element. Isotope- one of two or more atoms that have the same atomic number (the same number of protons) but a different number of neutrons. Carbon 12, the most common form of carbon, has six protons and six neutrons, whereas carbon 14 has six protons and eight neutrons. Isotopes of a given element typically behave alike chemically. Most abundant elements in the universe: hydrogen, helium,