Biochemistry 2280A Final: BIOCHEM2280 - FINAL EXAM Brandl's Lectures (Topics 22 - 28).docx

• School: Western University
• Department: Biochemistry
• Course: Biochemistry 2280A
• Professor: Chris Brandl

Document Summary

Human genome encodes ~25,000 different protein encoding genes. Expression of the correct genes is essential for growth and differentiation. In any one cell type ~10,000 are expressed at various levels of all cells. Different cell types express different genes, these differences make the tissues what they are due to proteins. What s the significance of gene expression: many diseases are due to altered expression of one or more genes, by manipulating gene expression, we have the potential to prevent or reverse diseases. Dna is transcribed to rna and ultimately translated to become protein (central dogma), gene expression in the simplest way. Central dogma defines two key processes in gene expression: transcription: copying of dna into rna, translation: process of decoding an rna to synthesize protein. First principle step at which genes can be regulated is at transcription: initiation, elongation rate at which rna polymerase goes through the gene, termination.