Biochemistry 2280A Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Gibbs Free Energy, Allosteric Regulation, Competitive Inhibition
20 Sep 2016
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Structural: provide mechanical support to cells and tissues. Signal proteins: carry extracellular signals from cell to cell. Receptor proteins: detect signals and transmit them to cells response machinery. Gene regulatory proteins: bind to dna and switch genes on or off. Define, in mathematical terms, affinity and the molecular interactions that allow proteins to interact with ligands. Kd: affinity of a protein for it"s ligand in terms of dissociation constant. Noncovalent interactions: allow ligands to bind to the active site of a protein. Hydrogen bonds: h bonded to electronegative element, and another one nearby (o or n) Electrostatic interactions: ionic bonds between permanently charged groups. Van der waals forces: electrostatic interactions due to temporary dipole movement. Hydrophobic interactions: nonpolar molecules tend to aggregate to increase entropy by minimizing disruption of hydrogen bonded network of the cytosol. Surface contours: good fitting ligands will bind, preventing others from binding to active site.
