Biology 1001A Midterm: Biology Midterm Exam 1001A- Lecture and Independent Study Outcomes.docx

• School: Western University
• Department: Biology
• Course: Biology 1001A
• Professor: Bob Larose

Document Summary

General mechanisms by which vaccines protect against diseases: create catch of weapons for immune system, deployed when needed, pre-immunization allows faster attack on disease/virus. 2 reasons why anti-viral drug therapies often have serious side effects. In order to effectively work, they must take out host cells in the process. 1st thought: viruses evolved after cells appeared as escaped fragments of. Dna, surrounded by protein and escaped parent cells. Rna, then synthesizes second dna strand complementary to first. 3 mechanism of action of azt: anti-retroviral therapies: inhibit virus specific enzymes, azt mimics thymididne and inhibits reverse transcription, reverse transcriptase grabs azt instead of thymidine nucleotide, Not taking azt: resistance or susceptibility is heritable. Summary: evolution can be very fast, even non-living things evolve. 6: hiv evolution involves themes such as: mutation, natural selection, evolutionary history, humans as evolutionary forces and products of evolution. Ch4) had abundance of electrons and hydrogen would undergo reactions that yield larger, more complex molecules.