Biology 2581B Study Guide - Winter 2019, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Genome, Rna, Mutation
14 Feb 2019
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Gene transcript protein: transcription and translation. Connection between phenotype and genotype, genotypic and phenotypic variation underlies all the diversity that we see. Natural selection acts on a phenotype, meaning that some phenotypes do better, and some alleles do better: alleles vs. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 in total from mom + dad. Gene names are named most often after what mutates them. Divergence in alleles = speciation; allows for separate paths of evolution + diversity: because some alleles did better you get a shift in allele frequencies. There is no top ; ancestral things towards the middle and more current towards perimeter. Approximately a trillion microbe species but only < 0. 5 m (<1%) have been identified. Not only a vertical flow of genetic information down each branch: huge amount of horizontal gene transfer from branch to branch. These trees are where genes and genomes are found.
