Biology 3592A Study Guide - Final Guide: Long Non-Coding Rna, Transposable Element, Satellite Dna
24 Feb 2018
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Document Summary
98% of human genome is nonprotein-coding and well understood. Highly repetitive dna: satellite dna, interspersed repetitive dna, transposable elements. Introns, pseudogenes, conserved lncrna (long non-coding rna, more than 200 nt) 0. 4% genome. Sequences that transcription factors bind (8. 5% genome) Types of highly repetitive dna: tandem repeats, mini/micro satelllites, telomeric, centrometic (chromosomal maintenance, no evidence of function for most satellite dna. Introns: average 7-8 introns per gene, increased protein through alternate splicing. Neutral mutation rate for the most part, not a determinant of phenotype upon which selection can act. Only 150bp at each end constrained and functionally relevant for splicing. Origins from gene or te duplicates, duplicate accumulates mutations, duplicate can also become neomorphic (new gene new function) Amorphic = pseudogene that does not produce protein. Evolving w/o constraint and likely without function, neutral mutation rate. Tes: parasitic/selfish uses host genome to replicate, mobile: cut/paste or copy/paste. Most inactivated by mutation, most are not mobile.
