Biology 1002B Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Convergent Evolution, Paraphyly, Mosaic Evolution

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28 Jan 2018
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20. 1 the geological time scale: many fossils are found in sedimentary rock. 20. 2 the fossil record: tree resin fossils show fine detail. Incomplete fossil record because some organisms are more likely to fossilize than others and natural processes may destroy many fossils: tomography; use of thin sections cut from a fossil to reconstruct its appearance. Early fossils: stromatolites; first fossil evidence of life dates to approx. 3. 5 billion years ago: unicellular just over 2 bya, multicellular 1. 2 bya, history of earth was not gradual. Important because different organismal characters can have the same genetic basis: each genetic variation should only be used once. Homologous characters: characters that are similar in evolutionary history but not necessarily function, reflect underlying genetic similarities, can indicate common ancestries and genetic relatedness, emerge form comparable embryonic structures and grow in similar ways during development. Analogous characters: character in different animals that serve the same purpose, homoplasious; phenotypic similarities that evolved independently in different lineages ex.

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