Biology 1002B Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Selective Breeding, Natural Selection, Genetic Drift
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17. 1 evolution; gradual change: biological evolution; gradual change of populations/organisms over time (time in generations not years, not all gradual change is biological evolutions; changes occurring in a single organisms lifetime are not evolutionary. Aristotle: aristotle believed both living and no n living organisms had fixed characteristics, scala naturae (great chain of being); minerals plants animals humans gods of spiritual realm, natural theology; belief knowledge of god may be acquired through study of natural phenomena. Importance of observation, experimentation and inductive reasoning: copernicus, galileo, descartes and newton proposed theories to describe physical events; created biogeography, comparative morphology, geology. Biogeography: study of the geographic distributions of plants and animals, countered the scala naturae concept proposed by aristotle. Comparative morphology: similar appendages in different species (homologous with different functions, bats wings, dolphins fins etc. , buffon; why do useless structures exist if each species was perfect (ex. feet of pigs have.
