Biology 1201A Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Dna Replication, Telomerase Rna Component, Spindle Apparatus

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2 Apr 2018

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Stru(cid:272)ture of a repli(cid:272)atio(cid:374) (cid:271)u(cid:271)(cid:271)le, with e(cid:374)z(cid:455)(cid:373)es, pri(cid:373)ers, s(cid:455)(cid:374)thesized dna stra(cid:374)ds et(cid:272) . It is possible to have one particular strand of dna on a chromosome be replicated continuously at side of the fork and discontinuously on the other side of the fork. Stage of cell division, given a micrograph of a dividing cell. Mitotic spindle: it is composed of microtubules (cytoskeleton components re-arranged); and microtubules are simply hollow tubes of tubulin. Then in prometaphase, the microtubules spindle fibres from opposite spindle poles attach to the two kinetochores of each chromosome. Anaphase: separase cleaves off the cohesin and the microtubule spindle separates the 2 sister chromatids and take them to the opposite spindle poles. Dna molecules in a cell; then after the s phase, we have 4 molecules of the dna, but the. Ploid(cid:455) sta(cid:455)s the sa(cid:373)e (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause the (cid:374)u(cid:373)(cid:271)er (cid:374)u(cid:272)leus" i(cid:374) the (cid:272)ell has. Examples of situations in which cells would be programmed to die by apoptosis.

Related Questions

During DNA replication, which of the following would you expectto be true?
True or False: and why.

1. More ligase would be associated with the lagging strand thanwith the leading strand.
2. More primase would be associated with the lagging strand thanwith the leading strand.
3. More helicase would be associated with the lagging strand thanwith the leading strand.
4. DNA ligase links the 3' end of one Okazaki fragment to the 5'end of another Okazaki fragment in the lagging strand.
5. In the lagging strand, the enzyme DNA polymerase III thatproduces the next Okazaki fragment also removes the short segmentof primer RNA on the previous Okazaki fragment.

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1. During DNA replication, proteins unwind the DNA duplex, and separate the DNA strands. Those proteins include:

a.) DNA polymerase and ligase

b.) Single-stranded DNA binding and protein primase

c.) Helicase and DNA polymerase

d.) Helicase and single-stranded DNA binding protein

2. What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication?

a.) The particular DNA polymerase catalyzing the reaction

b.) The relative amounts of the four nucleotide triphosphates (ATP, GTP, CTP, and TTP) in the cell

c.) The nucleotide sequence of the template strand

d.) The primase used in the reaction

e.) Both A and D

3. The leading and the lagging strands differ in that

a.) The leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction.

b.) The leading strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 3â hydroxyl (OH) end of the growing strand, and the lagging strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 5â phosphate (PO4) end.

c.) The leading strand is synthesized continuously, whereas the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments that are ultimately stitched together.

d.) Both A and B

e.) Both A and C

1) What is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand in DNA replication? Place the following steps of DNA replication in right chronological order.

1. Primase adds an ribonucleotide primer
2. Initiator proteins bind the origin of replication and helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between complementary bases of double stranded template DNA
3. DNA polymerase III extends by complementary base pairing deoxyribonucleotides to the template strands
4. Ligase phosphodiester bonds the nucleotides to connect okazaki fragments nad connect fragments at the origin and where the "crotches or forks" collide
5. DNA polymerase I removes RNA primer and replaces with Deoxyribonucleotides

2) Given the template DNA and primer sequences below, what bases will be added to the primer as DNA replication proceeds? (The bases should appear in the order that they will be added)

5'-GTCGTCTCCCTTTTTAAAAACCCCCCC-3'
5'-UUUUUAAAAAGGG-3'

3) Given the DNA sequence below, what could be a primer sequence used in its replication?
5'-CGTACGGCCCCAAAATTGCTACTCTGCTG-3'

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Biology 1201A Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Dna Replication, Telomerase Rna Component, Spindle Apparatus

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