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Financial Modelling 2555A/B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Sunk Costs, Standard Deviation, Accounts Payable

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School
Western University
Department
Financial Modelling
Course
Financial Modelling 2555A/B
Professor
Rogemar Mamon

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Document Summary

Npv rule recognizes 3 things: $ today is worth more than $ tomorrow, only takes into account cash flows and the opportunity cost of capital, can add npv because all measured in todays $ Book rate of return = book income/book assets. Depends on which items accountants treat as capital investments + how fast they depreciate. Payback period: number of years it takes before cumulative cash flow = initial investment. Payback rule: accept investments if payback period < cutoff. Payback and misleading answers: ignores cash flows after cutoff, gives equal weight to cash flows before cutoff. Why use payback rule: simplest way to communicate profitability, if managers want quick profit, could look to pbr, if small businesses want rapid payback projects. Discounted payback measure: how many years a project has to last to make sense in terms of. Rate of return = payoff/investment 1 = r (c1 = payoff, c0 = investment)

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Financial Modelling 2555A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Discount Window, Current Yield, Spot Contract
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Related Questions

QUESTION 1

  1. You purchased land 3 years ago for $60000 and believe its market value is now $90000. You are considering building a hotel on this land instead of selling it. To build the hotel, it will initially cost you $150000, an expense that you plan to depreciate straight line over the next three years. Wells Fargo offered you a loan for $60,000 at an 8% interest rate to be repaid over the next 4 years. You anticipate that the hotel will earn revenues of $165000 each year, while expenses will be a mere $30000 each year. The initial working capital requirement will be $7000 which will be recovered in the last year. The tax rate is 35%. Your estimated cost of capital is 10%. What is the net present value of this project?

    $24,918.55

    $20,000.38

    $38,020.13

    $45,200.80

    $33,869.93

10 points

QUESTION 2

  1. The NPV rule states that you should accept an investment if the NPV:

    is negative.

    is positive.

    is less than or equal to zero.

    is less than the investment's initial cost.

    exceeds the investment's initial cost.

5 points

QUESTION 3

  1. The payback period is the period of time it takes an investment to generate sufficient cash flows to:

    earn the required rate of return.

    produce the required net income.

    produce a yield equal to or greater than the market rate on similar investments.

    have a cash inflow, rather than an outflow, for the year.

    recover the investment's initial cost.

5 points

QUESTION 4

  1. A proposed project will increase a firm's accounts payables. This increase:

    should be ignored when conducting scenario analysis.

    is a cash outflow at time zero.

    is an initial cash inflow only.

    is a sunk cost and should be ignored.

    is a cash inflow at time zero and a cash outflow at the end of the project.

5 points

QUESTION 5

  1. What is the net present value of a project with the following cash flows if the discount rate is 7 percent?

    Year 0: $-3500

    Year 1: $1200

    Year 2: $1000

    Year 3: $900

    Year 4: $0

    -$1,112.30

    $305.75

    -$770.40

    $2,007.99

    $946.31

10 points

QUESTION 6

  1. The change in a firm's future cash flows that results from adding a new project are referred to as _____ cash flows.

    eroded

    deviated

    incremental

    direct

    residual

1. A discount factor:

A. Is the same as compounding future cash flow B. performs the reverse function of a compounding interest rate C. allows investors to quantify a figure which will assist them in comparing alternative investments D. b and c E. a, b and c

2. As the interest rate used to discount future cash flows is decreased present value of the future cash in-flows: A. increases B. decreases C. stays the same

3. Most bonds pay interest: A. monthly B. quarterly C. semi-annually D. annually E. none of the above

4. How much money will Jane have in 3 years if the money compounds at the annual rate of 10% and she sets aside $1000: A. $1300 B. $1331 C. $1406 D. $1420 E. None of the above

5. When performing sensitivity analysis:

A statistical methods should not be employed B. electronic spreadsheets make the job more manageable C. assumptions should be changed one at a time D. all of the above E. B and C

6. A differential analysis: A. can be used to compare an alternative to the status quo B. can be used to compare any set of alternative C. is easier to comprehend if a consistent frame of reference is employed D. B and C E. A, B, C

7. When projected assets are less than projected liabilities and equity the firm will have:

A a need for debt B. need for equity C. excess cash D. none of the above

8. If the bonds coupon rate is less than the general interest rate in the market the bond will sell at:

A premium B. discount C. neither A or B

9. Present value calculations: A. can help the creation of value B. can provide managers with a means of identifying the investment choices C. do not help the creation of value D. A and B E. B and C

10. When projected assets are more than projected liabilities and equity the plug will be:

A notes payable B. notes receivable C. cash D. none of the above

11. Earl is saving for a pair of jet skis, how much money must Earl put aside now to receive $14,000 six years from now if the money is compounding at an 8% annual compound rate:

A $8847 B. $8800 C. $8822 D. $8810 E. none of the above

12. Which of the following methods helps to size the investments: a. payback b. present value payback c. present value index d. irr e. none of the above

13. Jones company acquires the Mathis company. Jones is in a totally unrelated business to mathis. This is an example of: a. vertical integration b. horizontal integration c. diversification d. none of the above

14. The bond’s yield to maturity calculation is similar to a __________ calculation

a. NPV b. IRR c. payback d. discounted payback e. none of the above

15. If the bonds coupon rate is equal to the general interest rates in the market, the bond will sell at a: a. premium b. discount c. neither A nor B

16. synergy may result from: a. enhanced cash flow b. diversification c.excess cash d. all of the above

17. profit margin and asset turnover are combined to yield: a. EPS b.Payout c. ROA d.ROE e. none of the above

18. the ______matches revenues with expense for the entire accounting period: a, balance sheet b. cash flow statement c. statement of retained earnings d. income statement e. none of the above

19. which of the following would be included amoung the investment numbers of a capital budget? A. purchase price of the asset b. trade-in value of and asset being replaced c. investment tax credit from acquisition d. installation costs of the machinery e. all of the above

20. economic value is the same as: a. book value/net asset value b. owners equity c. none of the above

1. Which of the following is true?
The corporation model can be used to value divisions and firms that do not pay dividends.
The discounted dividend model can be used to value divisions and firms that do not pay dividends.
For the discounted dividend model, a firm's weighted average cost of capital is used as the discount rate.
For the corporate valuation model, a firm's cost of equity is used as the discount rate.
Question 2.2. Which of the following is false?
For the constant growth model to hold, a firm's cost of equity needs to be smaller than its constant dividend growth rate (i.e., rs < g).
For the constant growth model to hold, a firm's cost of equity needs to be greater than its constant dividend growth rate (i.e., rs > g).
From the constant growth model, if the constant dividend growth rate is equal to zero, a firm's share price is equal to the constant dividend divided by the cost of equity (i.e., g=0).
If a company's constant dividend growth rate is negative, the formula for the constant growth model cannot be applied.
Question 3.3. From the discussion of a firm's capital budgeting problem in chapter 11, which of the following is false? (Points : 3.5)
The net present value method (NPV) assumes that cash flows are reinvested at the weighted average cost of capital (WACC).
The internal rate of return method (IRR) assumes that cash flows are reinvested at the internal rate of return.
The modified internal rate of return method (MIRR) assumes that cash flows are reinvested at the weighted average cost of cpaital.
For mutually exclusive projects, if there is a conflict between NPV and IRR, the project with the highest IRR is chosen.
The IRR is independent of a firm's weighted average cost of capital.
Question 4.4. Which of the following is true? (
As a firm's dividend payout ratio increases, the firm's WACC decreases.
The WACC only represents the "hurdle rate" for a typical project with average risk. Therefore, the project's WACC should be adjusted to reflect the project's risk.
Firms with riskier projects generally have a lower WACC.
Holding all else constant, an increase in the target debt ratio tends to lower the WACC.
Question 5.5. Which of the following is false?
If interest rates rise, the price of the bond will rise and its YTM (yield to maturity) will fall.
Short-term bond prices are less sensitive than long-term bond prices to interest rate changes.
Companies are not likely to call bonds unless interest rates have declined significantly. Thus, the call provision is valuable to firms but detrimental to long term investors.
On balance, bonds that have a sinking fund are regarded as being safer than those without such a provision.
Question 6.6. Which of the following is not true? (Points : 3.5)
According to SML (security market line), the risk premium on a high-beta stock would increase more than that on a low-beta stock.
If beta < 1.0, the security is less risky than average.
According to the Security Market Line (SML), in general, a company’s expected return will double when its beta doubles.
According to the Security Market Line (SML), if a portfolio of real world stocks has a beta of zero, the required rate of return for the portfolio is equal to the risk-free rate.
Question 7.7. P&G Industries bonds have a maturity of 15 years with a $1,000 face value, have an 8% semiannual coupon, are callable in 10 years at $1,125, and currently sell at a price of $1,105. What is their nominal annual yield to call?
6.87%.
7.37%.
11.05%.
8.32%.
Question 8.8. Which of the following is not the flaw (weakness) of the discounted payback method? (Points : 3.5)
It does not tells us by how much the project should increase shareholder wealth, or by how much a project yields over the cost of capital; it merely tells us when we recover our investment.
It ignores cash flows occurring after the payback period.
It ignores the time value of money, that is, dollars received in different years are all given the same weight.
Question 9.9. Jermey Lin has $52,500 invested a stock with a beta of 0.80 and another $47,500 invested in a stock with a beta of 3.2. If these are the only two investments in his portfolio, what is his portfolio's beta?
1.56.
1.82.
2.00.
1.94
Question 10.10. According to CAPM, if the required rate of the return of Stock A obtained from the security market line (SML) is less than the expected rate of the return of stock A from the capital market transaction, then stock A is
fairly priced.
undervalued.
overvalued.
Question 11.11. Determine the yield-to-call (to nearest 0.1 of a percent) of an LTV bond with a 12 percent coupon, that pays interest annually. The bond can be called in 5 years, has a call premium of $114, and is currently selling for $912.50. The bond has a face value of $1,000.
14.58%.
13.92%.
16.34%.
12.17%.
Question 12.12. Project M costs $1,000, its expected cash inflows are $500 per year for 3 years, and its WACC is 11%. What is the project's NPV? (Points : 3.5)
$259.57.
$221.86.
$195.23.
$257.35.
Question 13.13. Project J costs $1,025, its expected cash inflows are $425 per year for 3 years, and its WACC is 10%. What is the project's IRR?
12.58%.
10.82%.
11.76%.
9.64%.
Question 14.14. Project X costs $6,750, its expected cash inflows are $1250 per year for 10 years, and its WACC is 10%. What is the project's payback?(Note, the regular payback is asked in this question, not the discounted payback.) (Points : 3.5)
5.40 years.
10 years.
4.58 years.
6.12 years.
Question 15.15. Project S costs $800, its expected cash inflows are $350 per year for 3 years, and its WACC is 7%. What is the project's MIRR?
13.97%.
12.04%.
14.93%.
9.15%.
Question 16.16. Project Y costs $650, its expected cash inflows are $500 per year for 5 years, and its WACC is 10%. What is the project's discounted payback?
1.47 years.
1.24 years.
1.62 years.
1.15 years.
1. Which of the following is true?
The corporation model can be used to value divisions and firms that do not pay dividends.
The discounted dividend model can be used to value divisions and firms that do not pay dividends.
For the discounted dividend model, a firm's weighted average cost of capital is used as the discount rate.
For the corporate valuation model, a firm's cost of equity is used as the discount rate.
Question 2.2. Which of the following is false?
For the constant growth model to hold, a firm's cost of equity needs to be smaller than its constant dividend growth rate (i.e., rs < g).
For the constant growth model to hold, a firm's cost of equity needs to be greater than its constant dividend growth rate (i.e., rs > g).
From the constant growth model, if the constant dividend growth rate is equal to zero, a firm's share price is equal to the constant dividend divided by the cost of equity (i.e., g=0).
If a company's constant dividend growth rate is negative, the formula for the constant growth model cannot be applied.
Question 3.3. From the discussion of a firm's capital budgeting problem in chapter 11, which of the following is false?
The net present value method (NPV) assumes that cash flows are reinvested at the weighted average cost of capital (WACC).
The internal rate of return method (IRR) assumes that cash flows are reinvested at the internal rate of return.
The modified internal rate of return method (MIRR) assumes that cash flows are reinvested at the weighted average cost of cpaital.
For mutually exclusive projects, if there is a conflict between NPV and IRR, the project with the highest IRR is chosen.
The IRR is independent of a firm's weighted average cost of capital.
Question 4.4. Which of the following is true? (Points : 3.5)
As a firm's dividend payout ratio increases, the firm's WACC decreases.
The WACC only represents the "hurdle rate" for a typical project with average risk. Therefore, the project's WACC should be adjusted to reflect the project's risk.
Firms with riskier projects generally have a lower WACC.
Holding all else constant, an increase in the target debt ratio tends to lower the WACC.
Question 5.5. Which of the following is false? (Points : 3.5)
If interest rates rise, the price of the bond will rise and its YTM (yield to maturity) will fall.
Short-term bond prices are less sensitive than long-term bond prices to interest rate changes.
Companies are not likely to call bonds unless interest rates have declined significantly. Thus, the call provision is valuable to firms but detrimental to long term investors.
On balance, bonds that have a sinking fund are regarded as being safer than those without such a provision.
Question 6.6. Which of the following is not true? (Points : 3.5)
According to SML (security market line), the risk premium on a high-beta stock would increase more than that on a low-beta stock.
If beta < 1.0, the security is less risky than average.
According to the Security Market Line (SML), in general, a company’s expected return will double when its beta doubles.
According to the Security Market Line (SML), if a portfolio of real world stocks has a beta of zero, the required rate of return for the portfolio is equal to the risk-free rate.
Question 7.7. P&G Industries bonds have a maturity of 15 years with a $1,000 face value, have an 8% semiannual coupon, are callable in 10 years at $1,125, and currently sell at a price of $1,105. What is their nominal annual yield to call? (Points : 3.5)
6.87%.
7.37%.
11.05%.
8.32%.
Question 8.8. Which of the following is not the flaw (weakness) of the discounted payback method? (Points : 3.5)
It does not tells us by how much the project should increase shareholder wealth, or by how much a project yields over the cost of capital; it merely tells us when we recover our investment.
It ignores cash flows occurring after the payback period.
It ignores the time value of money, that is, dollars received in different years are all given the same weight.
Question 9.9. Jermey Lin has $52,500 invested a stock with a beta of 0.80 and another $47,500 invested in a stock with a beta of 3.2. If these are the only two investments in his portfolio, what is his portfolio's beta? (Points : 3.5)
1.56.
1.82.
2.00.
1.94
Question 10.10. According to CAPM, if the required rate of the return of Stock A obtained from the security market line (SML) is less than the expected rate of the return of stock A from the capital market transaction, then stock A is (
fairly priced.
undervalued.
overvalued.
Question 11.11. Determine the yield-to-call (to nearest 0.1 of a percent) of an LTV bond with a 12 percent coupon, that pays interest annually. The bond can be called in 5 years, has a call premium of $114, and is currently selling for $912.50. The bond has a face value of $1,000. (Points : 3.5)
14.58%.
13.92%.
16.34%.
12.17%.
Question 12.12. Project M costs $1,000, its expected cash inflows are $500 per year for 3 years, and its WACC is 11%. What is the project's NPV?
$259.57.
$221.86.
$195.23.
$257.35.
Question 13.13. Project J costs $1,025, its expected cash inflows are $425 per year for 3 years, and its WACC is 10%. What is the project's IRR? (
12.58%.
10.82%.
11.76%.
9.64%.
Question 14.14. Project X costs $6,750, its expected cash inflows are $1250 per year for 10 years, and its WACC is 10%. What is the project's payback?(Note, the regular payback is asked in this question, not the discounted payback.) (Points : 3.5)
5.40 years.
10 years.
4.58 years.
6.12 years.
Question 15.15. Project S costs $800, its expected cash inflows are $350 per year for 3 years, and its WACC is 7%. What is the project's MIRR? (
13.97%.
12.04%.
14.93%.
9.15%.
Question 16.16. Project Y costs $650, its expected cash inflows are $500 per year for 5 years, and its WACC is 10%. What is the project's discounted payback?
1.47 years.
1.24 years.
1.62 years.
1.15 years.