Pharmacology 4350A/B Study Guide - Cyp3A5, Cytochrome P450, Sulfamethoxazole

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Slow body growth but rapid psycho/social growth + fine motor. Extracellular water decrease + intracellular water increase as you age. Liver + kidney largest % body weight in newborn. Newborn: lower albumin + lower aag + fetal albumin present + lower globulin. Infant: lower aag + no fetal albumin + lower globulin. Absorption factors changes counter-balance so absorption effects may/may not change. Gastric ph (lower ph infant = increase absorption for drugs degraded by acid) Decrease in infant = decrease absorption of some drugs. Decrease gastric emptying = increase t1/2 of some drugs. Different bacteria in stomach = reduce absorption of some drugs. Reduce gut activity of phase 1 + phase 2 enzymes. Distribution changes mostly affect highly bound drugs but overall changes are minimal. Sulfamethoxazole (water soluble) - increase vd in infants. Infants have more water= increase vd for water-soluble drugs (sulfamethoxazole) Decrease for infants = increase clearance for highlybound drugs.

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