Psychology 1000 Midterm: Chapter 11

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PSYCH 1000 Full Course Notes
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PSYCH 1000 Full Course Notes
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Motivation: process that influences the direction, persistence and vigour of goal-directed behaviour. Instinct: an inherited predisposition to behave in a specific way when exposed to a particular stimulus: motivates much of our behaviour, genetic (found universally among all members of the species) Drive theory: physiological disruptions to homeostasis produces drives that motivate us to behave in ways that reduce internal tensions (e. g. hunger, thirst, etc. : less influential now -> sometimes we behave in ways that increase tension (e. g. skipping meals) Incentive: e(cid:374)(cid:448)iro(cid:374)(cid:373)e(cid:374)tal sti(cid:373)uli that (cid:862)pulls(cid:863) a(cid:374) orga(cid:374)is(cid:373) to(cid:449)ard a goal: high incentive motivates behaviour even in absence of biological need. Expectancy theory: goal-directed behaviour is jointly determined by 2 factors: strength of the expectation that particular behaviours will lead to a goal, values placed on the goal, motivation = expectancy x incentive value. Extrinsic motivation: performing an activity to obtain external reward/avoid punishment. Intrinsic motivation: performing an activity for its own sake.

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